Page 121 - বাংলাদেশের ইতিহাস ও বিশ্বসভ্যতা

evsjvG`Gki BwZnvm I wek¼mfÅZv  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk²cò: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 121

14. jvjevM miKvwi gGWj Õ•zj ‰´£ KGjR, XvKv
evsjvG`Gki BwZnvm I wek¼mfÅZv welq ˆKvW : 1 5 3

mgq-2 N¥Ÿv 30 wgwbU; m†Rbkxj cÉk² gvb: 70
[`ËÓ¡eÅ : Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvMmnKvGi co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉGk²i Dîi `vI| ˆh ˆKvGbv mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe|]
1. wigv Zvi gvgvi evwo bIMuvq ˆeovGZ hvq| ‰Kw`b ˆm Zvi gvgvGZv K. `y`y wgqvi cyGiv bvg Kx? 1
fvB-ˆevbG`i mvG^ cvnvocyi wenvi ˆ`LGZ hvq| wenvGii ˆ`qvGji MvGq L. bxj PvGli RbÅ K‡lKG`i Ici AZÅvPvi Kiv nGZv ˆKb? 2
PgrKvi ˆUivGKvUv ˆ`GL ˆm gy™¬ nq| wenvi msj™² Rv`yNGi wMGq Zviv M. gvngy`yj nvmvb ˆh gnvb eÅwÚi Z^Å cÉ`vb KGiwQGjb Zvi HwZnvwmK
cÉvPxb wKQy gy`Ëv, wkjvwjwc ˆ`LGZ cvq| AvG±`vjGbi eÅvLÅv `vI| 3
K. AvaywbK BwZnvGmi RbK ejv nq KvGK? 1 N. DÚ AvG±`vjb ‰K mgq AvG±`vjbKvixi ˆhvMÅ cyò KZ‡ÆK cwiPvwjZ
L. BwZnvmGK wkÞYxq `kÆb ejv nq ˆKb? 2 nGqwQj@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. wigv cvnvocyi wenvGi BwZnvGmi ˆKvb aiGbi Dcv`vb ˆ`LGZ cvq? 7. Acy evsjvG`Gki bvMwiK| ˆm MZ `y’eQi AvGM DœPwkÞvi RbÅ ‰KwU
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ˆ`Gk hvq| AZxGZ ‰G`Gki ‰KwU ewYK msN evwYRÅ Kivi RbÅ fviZxq
N. wigvi ˆ`Lv Dcv`vGbi gvaÅGgB wK ˆKvGbv Õ©vGbi ev welGqi cƒYÆvã DcgnvG`Gk wMGqwQj| ‰ ewYK msN AcÉwZGivaÅ MwZGZ evwYRÅ Kivi bvGg
BwZnvm Rvbv mÁ¿e? gZvgZ `vI| 4 fviZ DcgnvG`Gk ZvG`i ivRZ½ KvGqg KGiwQj|
K. KZ wLËÓ¡vGõ BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwb MwVZ nq? 1
2. ˆmvGnj jvjevM AçGj emevm KGi| elÆvKvGj e†wÓ¡GZ ivÕ¦vq cvwb L. w`Gbgviiv ˆKvb ˆ`Gki Awaevmx? ZvG`i eÅemv I KzwVi eYÆbv `vI| 2
RGg| ˆm fvej, BwZnvGmi ‰K weGkl mfÅZvi ævb KvGR jvMvGj AvR M. DóxcGK fviZxq DcgnvG`Gk ˆh kvmGbi cÉwZœQwe cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ
jvjevGMi ‰ AeÕ©v nGZv bv| Zvi eYÆbv `vI| 3
K. mfÅZvi Dcv`vb KqwU? 1 N. ‘‰K mgq DÚ ewYK `Gji mvG^ fviZxq DcgnvG`Gk divwm ewYKG`i
L. nvqvGivw™ÏwdK ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 msNlÆ AwbevhÆ nGq `uvovq’@ weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
M. DóxcGK ˆKvb mfÅZvi K^v ejv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 8. evwRZcyi AçjwU cÉZů¦ MÉvgvçj| ˆmLvGb ‰LGbv bvbv aiGbi
N. DóxcGKi DÚ mfÅZv AvaywbK wek¼GK FYx KGi ˆiGLGQ@ Zzwg wK mvgvwRK KzmsÕ•vi weivRgvb| ‰ MÉvGgi ˆgGqG`i evwoi evBGi hvIqv wbwl«¬
‰KgZ? hywÚ `vI| 4 wQj| MÉvGgi eGqvGRÅÓ¤ wdGivRv ˆeMg ˆgGqG`i covGjLv KiGZ evav ˆ`b|
3. AvkdvK I Av`bvb wek¼we`ÅvjGqi mncvwV| XvKvq Zviv ‰KmGã ˆgGqG`i evwoi evBGi ˆei nIqvGK wZwb agÆxq cwicw¯© ‰es MwnÆZ KvR gGb
^vGK| CG`i QywUGZ AvkdvK ˆeovGZ ˆMj Av`bvGbi MÉvGgi evwoGZ| KiGZb| 1
K. bIqve Avõyj jwZd ˆKv^vq R¯ÃMÉnY KGib?
b`xweGaŒZ AçjwUi cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ ZvGK gy™¬ KGi| ˆm eGj L. ˆm´ŸÈvj bÅvkbvj ˆgvnvGgWvb ‰GmvwmGqkb MVGbi DGókÅ Kx wQj? 2
Av`bvbG`i weKÌgcyi AçjwU eü cÉvPxbKvj ˆ^GKB mg†«¬ I weLÅvZ| ZGe M. DóxcGK wdGivRv ˆeMGgi PwiGòi wecixZ wPò cvVÅcyÕ¦GK cwVZ
AvkdvK Zvi wbR ‰jvKv mÁ¼G®¬I ˆek MweÆZ| ˆKbbv cÉvPxb Rbc`àGjvi ˆKvb gnxqmxi RxeGb cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
gGaÅ ZvG`i AçjwUB meGPGq mg†«¬ I LÅvwZgvb wQj| N. Zzwg wK gGb KGiv, eZÆgvb bvix wkÞvi AMÉMwZGZ DÚ gnxqmxi
K. eã ˆ^GK ˆKvb RvwZi Drcwî NGUwQj? 1 Ae`vb AbÕ¼xKvhÆ? hywÚ `vI| 4
L. Rbc` ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2 9. MÉvGgi e†«¬ Kwig PvPvG`i cwievi wefvM cƒeÆeGãI K‡lK wQGjb| Kwig
M. Av`bvGbi evwo cÉvPxb ˆKvb RbcG` AewÕ©Z? 3 PvPv eGjb, Avgvi evevmn AviI AGbK K‡lK ZvG`i iÚ cvwb Kiv kÉg w`Gq
N. wbR ‰jvKv mÁ¼G®¬ AvkdvGKi MeÆ Kiv wK ˆhŒwÚK? gZvgZ `vI| 4 dmj djvGZv| Avi KjKvZvi `v`viv ‰Gm me dmj wbGq ˆhZ| ˆmUv weËwUk
4. w`bvRcyi AçGji cÉLÅvZ gvZei Rbve mvGqgyóxGbi g†ZzÅi ci Zvi miKviGK LvRbv wnGmGe ˆ`Iqv nGZv| wZwb AviI eGjb, ZLb XvKvq
‰jvKvq `xNÆw`b wek†›Lj cwiwÕ©wZ PjGZ ^vGK| Pig `ytL-`y`Ækv ˆ^GK KjKviLvbv, wk͸-cÉwZÓ¤vb ˆKvGbv wKQyB wQj bv| KviY me D®²wZ nGZv
gywÚi DGóGkÅ H AçGji cÉexY ˆbZvMGYi civgGkÆ Rbve AvwRR bvGg KjKvZvGK wNGi|
‰K eÅwÚGK gvZei cG` wbeÆvwPZ Kiv nq ‰es ˆ`Gki RbmvaviY mvbG±` K. gymwjg jxM KZ mvGj MwVZ nq? 1
Rbve AvwRRGK ˆgGb ˆbq| L. Zgóyb gRwjGki f„wgKv Kx wQj? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
K. ivRv kkvsGKi ivRavbxi bvg Kx? 1 M. eãfGãi ˆcQGb ˆh KviYàGjv wQj Zvi ˆKvb KviYwU Kwig PvPvi
3
K^vq dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv|
L. evsjvi ˆmb esGki Aemvb NGU KxfvGe? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 N. Kwig PvPvi ewYÆZ KviYB wK eãfã nIqvi gƒj KviY eGj Zzwg gGb
M. cÉvPxb evsjvi ˆKvb cvj ivRvi wbeÆvPb c«¬wZGK KvGR jvwMGq Rbve KGiv? ˆZvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
AvwRRGK gvZei cG` wbeÆvwPZ Kiv nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. Zzwg wK gGb KGiv, cÉvPxb evsjvi DÚ cvj ivRvi wbeÆvwPZ nIqvi 10. Rbve kvnRvnvb ‰KwU ivR‹bwZK `Gji cÉavb| wZwb ‰es AbÅ wZbwU
`j wgGj Zvi ˆ`Gki AbÅZg ‰KwU `jGK wbeÆvPGb civwRZ Kivi RbÅ ˆRvU
c«¬wZ mwVK wQj? gZvgZ `vI| 4
MVb KGib| ZvG`i ‰ ˆRvU wbeÆvPGb ˆ`Gki cƒeÆvçGj ˆewkifvM AvmGb Rqx
5. mywbj fëvPvhÆ I wbwLj mvnv `yB e®¬y| mywbGji evev Zvi ˆ`vKvGb nq| ˆ`kwUi cƒeÆvçjxq RbMY wewf®² aiGbi ŠelgÅ ˆ^GK gywÚ cvIqvi Avkvq
UvãvBj, ivRkvnx wmÍ•, Rvg`vwb kvwo I mywZ kvwo wewKÌ KGib| wbwLj ‰ ˆRvUGK ˆfvU cÉ`vb KGiwQj|
mywbjG`i evwoGZ wMGq Zvi fvBGqi mvG^ mywbGji ˆevGbi weGqi cÉÕ¦ve K. ‰KwU ˆ`Gki mGeÆvœP AvBb Kx? 1
w`Gj, mywbjG`i mgKÞ bv nIqvq wbwLGji cÉÕ¦vGe AmÁÃwZ RvbvGbv nq| L. 1954 mvGji wbeÆvPb I hyÚdÌ´Ÿ MVb wQj evsjvi ivR‹bwZK
K. AvhÆG`i fvlvi bvg Kx? 1 BwZnvGmi ài‚Z½cƒYÆ AaÅvq@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
L. KxfvGe evsjv fvlvi Drcwî nGqGQ? 2 M. kvnRvnvb mvGnGei ˆRvGUi mvG^ wgj iGqGQ ˆZvgvi cvVÅeBGq cwVZ
M. mywbGji ˆevGbi weGqi eÅvcvGi Zvi gv-evevi gGbvfvGe ZrKvjxb ‰gb ‰KwU ˆRvU MVGbi cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
evsjvi ˆKvb w`KwU dzGU DGVGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 N. ‰ aiGbi ‰KwU ˆRvU 1954 mvGji wbeÆvPGb KZ `dv KgÆmƒwP ˆNvlYv
N. Zzwg wK gGb KGiv, wbwLGji eo fvBGqi weGqi eÅvcvGi ˆh evavi m†wÓ¡ KGiwQj? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4
nGqGQ Zv ZrKvjxb evsjvi mgvGRi AMÉMwZi A¯¦ivq? AvGjvPbv KGiv| 4 11. bxjyi evev Avbmvi Avjx ‰KRb gywÚGhv«¬v| ˆmmgq wZwb wQGjb
6. gvngy`yj nvmvGbi R¯Ã kwiqZcyGi| XvKvq ‰KwU PvKwiGZ wbGqvM ‰KRb KGjR wkÞK| Pviw`GK hyG«¬i wefxwlKvgq i…c ˆ`GL ‰es XvKvi
MYnZÅvi `†kÅ ˆ`GL wZwb evmvq KvDGK bv RvwbGq gywÚGhv«¬vG`i KÅvGÁ· wMGq
cixÞvi mvÞvrKvGi ZvGK ejv nGjv Zvi ‰jvKvi ‰KRb wewkÓ¡ eÅwÚ mÁ·GKÆ gywÚGhv«¬v wnGmGe wbGRi bvg ˆjLvGjb| hyG«¬ eü AcvGikGb wZwb exiGZ½i
msGÞGc Z^Å cÉ`vb KiGZ| gvngy`yj nvmvb ‰gb ‰K eÅwÚ mÁ·GKÆ Z^Å cÉ`vb mvG^ hy«¬ KGib| hyG«¬ wZwb Zvi cv nvivb, AeGkGl evsjvG`k Õ¼vaxb nq|
KGib, ˆh eÅwÚ fviZxq DcgnvG`Gki Bmjvg aGgÆi A‹bwZK KvhÆKjvc K. cvwKÕ¦vGbi cÉ^g kvmbZ¯¨ iwPZ nq KZ mvGj? 1
`ƒixKiGY `†pcÉwZæ wQGjb ‰es Bmjvg aGgÆi KvR, ˆhgb Cgvb ev AvÍÏvni L. gywÚhy«¬ KxfvGe MYhyG«¬ i…c ˆbq? 2
‰KZ½ ev wimvjvGZi wek¼vm, bvgvR, ˆivRv, nR, hvKvZ cvjGb D`vî Avnevb M. Avbmvi Avjx ˆKvb aiGbi gywÚGhv«¬v? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
RvbvwœQGjb| K‡lKG`i ‰ AvG±`vjGbi dGj ‰G`Gk bxjPvl wPiZGi e®¬ nGq N. ‘Avbmvi Avjxi gGZv AmsLÅ gvbyGli AvñZÅvGMi gaÅw`GqB AwRÆZ
hvq| Zvi ‰ KgÆKvíàGjv ‰K mgq AvG±`vjGbi i…c cwiMÉn KGiwQj| nGqGQ Õ¼vaxbZv’@ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4