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evsjvG`Gki BwZnvm I wek¼mfÅZv evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk²cò: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 117
10. Avj-Avwgb ‰KvGWwg Õ•zj ‰´£ KGjR, Puv`cyi
evsjvG`Gki BwZnvm I wek¼mfÅZv welq ˆKvW : 1 5 3
mgq-2 N¥Ÿv 30 wgwbU; m†Rbkxj cÉk² gvb: 70
[`ËÓ¡eÅ : Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvMmnKvGi co ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉGk²i Dîi `vI| ˆh ˆKvGbv mvZwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe|]
1. bvwdm mvGne PvKzwi KGi ‰KwU AwdGm| ˆm eG®¬i w`b Zvi ˆQGj K. wPiÕ©vqx eG±`veÕ¦ KZ mvGj cÉewZÆZ nq? 1
Avivd ˆK wbGq ‰KwU eBGgjv hvb| AvivdGK ‰KwU eB wKGb ˆ`b| eBwU L. BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi ‘gnvmb`’ ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
wQj AZxGZi wewf®² NUbvewji Ici ˆjLv| wZwb Zvi cyòGK eGjb, M. BsGiRG`i mvG^ beve wmivRDGóŒjvi ˆh hy«¬ msMwVZ nGqwQj Zvi
AZxZGK Rvbvi RbÅ ‰ aiGbi eBGqi ˆKvb weK͸ ˆbB| ZvB cÉGZÅK cUf„wg eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
eÅwÚiB DwPZ ˆh ˆKvGbv welGqi AZxZ mÁ·GKÆ wjwLZ eB cyÕ¦K cov| N. “mgy`ËcG^ BDGivcxq ewYKG`i mvdjÅ, cÉvGPÅi ab-mÁ·G`i cÉvPzhÆ,
K. BwZnvGmi RbK ˆK? 1 BsGiR ewYKG`iGKI ‰ AçGj eÅemvq-evwYGRÅ DrmvwnZ KGi”@
L. “BwZnvm gvbyGli ævb I AvñghÆv`v e†w«¬ KGi”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
M. bvwdm mvGne Zvi ˆQGjGK ˆh aiGbi eB covi ZvwM` w`GqGQb Zvi 7. Zywj I gwj `yB ev®¬ex evwYRÅ ˆgjvq hvq| Zzwj Zvi cQG±`i
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 ZvwjKvq weG`wk cYÅ ivLGjI gwj weG`wk cYÅGK cwiZÅvM KGi ˆ`wk cYÅ
N. Zywg Kx gGb KGiv, AZxGZi ævb jvf Qvov gvbe Rxeb AmÁ·ƒYÆ? ˆKbvi cGÞ gZ ˆ`q| AeGkGl gwj Zvi ev®¬yex ZzwjGK ˆ`wk cYÅ ˆKbvi
DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4
welqwU eySvGZ mÞg nq| Zviv DfGq ˆ`wk cYÅ KÌq KGi evmvq ˆdGi|
2. wgw^jvi Aemi mgq KvGU weG`wk e®¬y ˆivwRbvi mvG^ ˆdmeyGK K. gãjcvG´£ ˆK wQGjb? 1
ˆhvMvGhvM KGi| c†w^exi cÉ^g ˆmŒi cwéKvi AvweÓ•vi, g†ZG`n cPb L. m¾Z½ weGjvc bxwZ ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
ˆ^GK iÞvi c«¬wZ AvweÓ•vi wgkixq mfÅZvi AGbK ARvbv Z^ÅB M. ˆKvb AvG±`vjGbi wkÞvq AbycÉvwYZ nGq gwj ˆ`wk cYÅ wKbGZ
wgkievmx ˆivwRbv wgw^jvGK Rvbvq| DrmvnGeva KGib? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
K. wm®¬y mfÅZv ˆKv^vq MGo DGVwQj? 1 N. Zywg Kx gGb KGiv Zzwji gGZv gvbwmKZv AvgvG`i A^Æ‹bwZK AMÉMwZi
L. wm®¬y mfÅZvGK ˆKb ‘bMi mfÅZv’ ejv nq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 cG^ A¯¦ivq? hywÚ `vI| 4
M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ mfÅZvi cUf„wgi eYÆbv `vI| 3
N. cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK weævGb wgw^jvi e®¬yi ˆ`Gki cÉvPxb gvbyGli 8. 1954 mvGji hyÚdÌ´Ÿ MVb I wbeÆvPb wQj evsjvi ivR‹bwZK
Ae`vb weGkÏlY KGiv| 4 BwZnvGmi ài‚Z½cƒYÆ AaÅvq| gyjZ ‰ wbeÆvPb wQj cwøg cvwKÕ¦vwb kvmK I
3. DrKxYÆ wkjvwjwc I wewf®² mvwnZÅMÉG¯© cÉvq ˆlvGjvwU RbcG`i K^v Zvi ˆ`vmiG`i ˆkvlGYi wei‚G«¬ ‰K ‘eÅvjU weµÏe’| cvwKÕ¦vb m†wÓ¡i
KGhK eQGii gGaÅB ÞgZvmxb gymwjg jxGMi wewf®² Dc`j, Afů¦ixY
Rvbv hvq| cÉvPxb evsjvq ZLb ˆKvb ivR‹bwZK HKÅ wQj bv| kwÚkvjx ˆKv±`j, eÅ^Æ kvmb, AçjGfG` ŠelgÅgƒjK bxwZ cÉf‡wZi KviGY bZzb bZzb
kvmKMY ZvG`i AvwacZÅ weÕ¦vGii gvaÅGg ‰KvwaK RbcG`i kvmb ÞgZv ivR‹bwZK `j MVb AvekÅK nGq cGo|
jvf KiGZb| K. ‰KwU ˆ`Gki mGeÆvœP AvBb Kx? 1
K. eã Kx? 1 L. ‘AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM’ MGo ˆZvjv nq ˆKb? 2
L. Rbc` ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq? 2
M. “cÉvPxb evsjvi Rbc`àGjvi gGaÅ AbÅZg nGjv cyíË”@ eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 M. ˆKb hyÚdÌG´Ÿi RGq MYZvw¯¨K eÅeÕ©v MGo DVGZ cvGiwb? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
N. ‰KwU ˆRvU 1954 wLËÕ¡vGõi wbeÆvPGb KZ `dv KgÆmƒwP ˆNvlYv KGiwQj@
N. Zywg Kx gGb KGiv, ˆMŒo Rbc`wU ‰K mgq mgMÉ evsjvG`kGK wbGqB
cwiwPZ wQj? cvVÅcyÕ¦GKi AvGjvGK gZvgZ `vI| 4 weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
4. mygvBqv Zvi ˆevGbi ev®¬ex wjwci weGqGZ my±`i‚i MÉvGg ˆMj| 9.
ˆmLvGb ˆm ˆ`LGZ ˆcj wbgw¯¨Z AwZw^G`i gGaÅ bvix-cyi‚l ˆfG` mKGjB iÚ hLb w`GqwQ, iÚ AvGiv ˆ`e, ‰G`Gki gvbylGK gyÚ KGi Qvoe
bvbv iKg my±`i my±`i AjsKvi cGi ‰GmGQ| gwnjviv `vwg kvwo BbkvAvÍÏvn|
cGiGQb| Zviv cvGq AvjZv, KcvGj KzgKzg, Mjvq nvi, AvãyGj AvswU ‰evGii msMÉvg AvgvG`i gywÚi msMÉvg|
w`Gq ˆmGRGQb| AwZw^ AvcÅvqGb cwiGewkZ nGœQ bvbv iKg gRv`vi ‰evGii msMÉvg Õ¼vaxbZvi msMÉvg|
Lvevi| Lv`Å ZvwjKvq wQj@ fvZ, gvQ, gvsm, mewR, `B, Þxi I wgwÓ¡| K. evsjvG`Gki eZÆgvb RvZxq cZvKvi i…cKvi ˆK? 1
Lvevi ci ˆ`Iqv nq gmjvhyÚ cvb| L. RvZxq ÕÆwZGmŒa wbwgÆZ nq ˆKb? 2
K. KLb ˆ^GK evsjvq wek¼weLÅvZ gmwjb Kvco ŠZwi nGZv? 1 M. DóxcGK evsjvi BwZnvGmi ˆKvb NUbv DcÕ©vwcZ nGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
L. K†wlGK evsjvi A^Æ‹bwZK mg†w«¬i gƒj Drm ejv nq ˆKb? 2 N. evsjvG`k Õ¼vaxb nIqvi ˆcQGb DÚ NUbvi cÉfve wQj mxgvnxb@
M. DóxcGK ewYÆZ ˆcvkvK I mvRmävi mvG^ evsjvi ˆKvb hyGMi wgj gZvgZ `vI| 4
iGqGQ? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 10. mvgwiK kvmGbi wbcxoGb gvbyl wQj wbhÆvwZZ I Aei‚«¬| dGj wewf®²
N. wjwci weGqGZ cwiGewkZ Lvevi Avengvb evsjvi Lv`Å ZvwjKvq ivR‹bwZK `j, mvaviY RbMY, K‡lK, kÉwgK, AvBbRxex, WvÚvi, mvsÕ•‡wZK
A¯¦fzÆÚ@ DwÚwU gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4 ˆRvU weGÞvGf ˆdGU cGo| ZvG`i gyGL wQj MYZ¯¨ gywÚi ˆÕÏvMvb| cywjGki
5. ‘K’ mvGne Zvi kvixwiK MVb AvKlÆYxq bv nIqvq ˆKvGbv Rwg`vi evav-àwi ˆKvb wKQyB ZvG`i `gvGZ cviwQj bv| DciÚ ‰me evav-wecwî
ZuvGK PvKwi w`GZ Pvb bv| ˆkl chƯ¦ cvk¼ÆeZÆx Rwg`vi mvgvbÅ ‰KwU PvKwi RbMYGK AviI wÞµ¦ KGi ˆZvGj, Pvwiw`GK ÷ay wgwQj Avi wgwQj|
ˆ`b| ‰ KvGR wZwb Z‡µ¦ bb| ZvB wZwb KGqKRb mnGhvMx wbGq Q«ÂGeGk K. evsjvG`Gk msweavb cçg msGkvabx KGe M†nxZ nq? 1
cvk¼ÆeZÆx Açj AwZ mnGRB Rq KGib| ˆmLvbKvi `yeÆj Rwg`vi cvwjGq L. mvgwiK kvmb ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2
hvb| ‘K’ mvGne wbR AçGj wbR agÆ I kvmb cÉwZÓ¤v KGib| M. DóxcGK Õ¼vaxbZv cieZÆx ˆKvb AfzÅïvGbi ŠewkÓ¡Å dzGU DGVGQ@
K. gyNjG`i kò‚ wQj Kviv? 1 eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
L. KxfvGe evsjvi Õ¼vaxb myjZvwb hyGMi ÷i‚ nq? 2 N. ‘‰B AvG±`vjGbi gvaÅGg ‰G`Gk MYZ¯¨ gywÚ cvq’@ gƒjÅvqb KGiv| 4
M. ‘K’ ‰i KgÆKví gaÅhyGMi evsjvi ˆKvb kvmGKi mvG^ msMwZcƒYÆ? 11. ˆgvkZvK miKviGK Õ¼xK‡wZ`vbKvix cÉ^g ivÓ¡Ç cvwKÕ¦vb| eãe®¬yi
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3 wbgÆg nZÅvKvGí RyjwdKvi Avjx f„Gëvi AvbG±`i mxgv wQj bv| fzGëv
N. “DÚ kvmKB evsjvq cÉ^g wbR aGgÆi kvmb KvGqg KGib”@ eÚGeÅi LywbPKÌGK Awfb±`b RvwbGqGQb, KviY ‰Uv wQj Zvi KvGQ cvwKÕ¦vGbi
mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4 weRq, hv 1971 mvGj nvivGbv f„Lí wdGi cvIqvi kvwgj|
6. cËvPxbKvj ˆ^GK fviZ DcgnvG`Gki K‡lKG`i ˆÞZfiv dmj, K. 1972 wLËÕ¡vGõi msweavGb KZwU AbyGœQ` wQj? 1
ˆMvjvfiv avb, cyKzi fiv gvQ ^vKZ| KzwUi wkG͸I MÉvg wQj mg†«¬| ‰B L. eãe®¬yi wkÞv D®²qGbi KgÆmƒwP eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
AvKlÆGYB AGbGKB ‰G`Gki mGã evwYRÅ KiGZ ‰GmGQ| BsGiR BÕ¡ M. “AvgvGK ˆKvb evOvwj gviGe bv” DwÚwU eÅvLÅv KGiv| 3
Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbI DcgnvG`Gk ‰GmwQj eÅemvq-evwYRÅ KiGZ| cieZÆx N. Zywg wK gGb Ki, ˆ`kGcËwgK ivÓ¡ÇcËavb eãe®¬yGK RvwZ kÉ«¬vi mvG^
mgGq Zviv ‰G`Gki ivÓ¡Ç ÞgZv `Lj KiGZ mÞg nq| wPiKvj ÕÃiY ivLGe? DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ `vI| 4